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Python ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
os ????????????????????????????????????????????????
import osos.getcwd() # ????????os.chdir('/server/accesslogs') # ??????os.system('mkdir today') # ?? mkdir ?? ??????? import os ??? from os import *??????? os.open() ?????? open()???????????????????????????? dir() ? help() ??????????
glob ???????????????????????
import globglob.glob('*.py')['primes.py', 'random.py', 'quote.py'] ????????????????????sys ??? argv ?????????????argparse ???????????????????????
import argparseparser = argparse.ArgumentParser(prog='top', description='Show top lines from each file')parser.add_argument('filenames', nargs='+')parser.add_argument('-l', '--lines', type=int, default=10)args = parser.parse_args()print(args) ??? top.py --lines=5 alpha.txt beta.txt ??args.lines ????? 5?args.filenames ? ['alpha.txt', 'beta.txt']?
sys ?????? stdin, stdout, ? stderr ??????????? stderr ??????? stdout ???????????????????????? sys.exit() ?????
re ??????????????????????????????
import rere.findall(r'\bf[a-z]*', 'which foot or hand fell fastest')['foot', 'fell', 'fastest']re.sub(r'(\b[a-z]+) \1', r'\1', 'cat in the the hat') 'cat in the hat'
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math ?????????????????random ???????????statistics ????????????????????
import mathmath.cos(math.pi / 4) # 0.70710678118654757import statisticsdata = [2.75, 1.75, 1.25, 0.25, 0.5, 1.25, 3.5]statistics.mean(data) # 1.6071428571428572
datetime ???????????????????????? date.today() ??????????????
from datetime import datenow = date.today()now.strftime("%m-%d-%y. %d %b %Y is a %A on the %d day of %B.") # ???????? ???????? zlib, gzip, bz2, lzma ??????????????
import zlibs = b'witch which has which witches wrist watch't = zlib.compress(s)zlib.decompress(t) # ???????
timeit ??????????????
from timeit import TimerTimer('t=a; a=b; b=t', 'a=1; b=2').timeit() # 0.57535828626024577 profile ? pstats ??????????????????
doctest ????????????????unittest ???????????????
import doctestdoctest.testmod() # ????????import unittestclass TestStatisticalFunctions(unittest.TestCase): def test_average(self): self.assertEqual(average([20, 30, 70]), 40.0) self.assertEqual(round(average([1, 5, 7]), 1), 4.3) with self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError): average([]) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): average(20, 30, 70)unittest.main()
Python??????????????????????xmlrpc ? xmlrpc.server ???????????????????? XML ???email ???????? MIME ???????????json ? csv ??????????????sqlite3 ???? SQLite ???????????????????? gettext, locale, ? codecs ?????
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